Historical information of Nepal

The first civilizations in Nepal, which flourished around the 6th century B.C., were confined to the fertile Kathmandu Valley where the present-day capital of the same name is located. It was in this region that Prince Siddhartha Gautama was born c. 563 B.C. Gautama achieved enlightenment as Buddha and spawned Buddhist belief.

Nepali rulers' early patronage of Buddhism largely gave way to Hinduism, reflecting the increased influence of India, around the 12th century. Though the successive dynasties of the Gopalas, the Kiratis, and the Licchavis expanded their rule, it was not until the reign of the Malla kings from 1200–1769 that Nepal assumed the approximate dimensions of the modern state.

The kingdom of Nepal was unified in 1768 by King Prithvi Narayan Shah, who had fled India following the Moghul conquests of the subcontinent. Under Shah and his successors Nepal's borders expanded as far west as Kashmir and as far east as Sikkim (now part of India). A commercial treaty was signed with Britain in 1792 and again in 1816 after more than a year of hostilities with the British East India Company.

In 1923, Britain recognized the absolute independence of Nepal. Between 1846 and 1951, the country was ruled by the Rana family, which always held the office of prime minister. In 1951, however, the king took over all power and proclaimed a constitutional monarchy. Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah became king in 1955. After Mahendra died of a heart attack in 1972, Prince Birendra, at 26, succeeded to the throne.

In 1990, a pro-democracy movement forced King Birendra to lift the ban on political parties. The first free election in three decades provided a victory for the liberal Nepali Congress Party in 1991, although the Communists made a strong showing. A small but growing Maoist guerrilla movement, seeking to overthrow the constitutional monarchy and install a Communist government, began operating in the countryside in 1996.

On June 1, 2001, King Birendra was shot and killed by his son, Crown Prince Dipendra. Angered by his family's disapproval of his choice of a bride, he also killed his mother and several other members of the royal family before shooting himself. Prince Gyanendra, the younger brother of King Birendra, was then crowned king.
King Gyanendra dismissed the government in October 2002, calling it corrupt and ineffective. He declared a state of emergency in November and ordered the army to crack down on the Maoist guerrillas. The rebels intensified their campaign, and the government responded with equal intensity, killing hundreds of Maoists, the largest toll since the insurgency began in 1996. In Aug. 2003, the Maoist rebels withdrew from peace talks with the government and ended a cease-fire that had been signed in Jan. 2003. The following August, the rebels blockaded Kathmandu for a week, cutting off shipments of food and fuel to the capital.

King Gyanendra fired the entire government in Feb. 2005 and assumed direct power. Many of the country's politicians were placed under house arrest, and severe restriction on civil liberties were instituted. In Sept. 2005, the Maoist rebels declared a unilateral cease-fire, which ended in Jan. 2006. In April, massive pro-democracy protests organized by seven opposition parties and supported by the Maoists took place. They rejected King Gyanendra's offer to hand over executive power to a prime minister, saying he failed to address their main demands: the restoration of parliament and a referendum to redraft the constitution. Days later, as pressure mounted and the protests intensified, King Gyanendra agreed to reinstate parliament. The new parliament quickly moved to diminish the king's powers. In May, it voted unanimously to declare Nepal a secular nation and strip the king of his authority over the military.

Janakpur Dham

Janakpur is the birthplace of Sita, the Hindu goddess and wife of Lord Rama. It is also the capital of ancient Mithila kingdom and is the home of the unique Mithila artifacts in Nepal. Janakpur, also called Janakpur Dham, is about 135 kilometers from Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal. The main attraction of the city is its Janaki Temple. The Temple is dedicated to Goddess Sita who was married to Rama and was the central character of the Hindu epic, Ramayana. This temple was built in 1911 and is in many aspects reminiscent of Islamic architecture. Another landmark of Janakpur are the numerous sacred ponds for ritual baths that are scattered all over the city. The 2 most important ones are close to the Janaki temple and are known as Dhanush Sagar and Ganga Sagar. Nearby is another temple that is called 'Sita-Ram vivah mandir'. The temple is said to be built at the place where Lord Rama was married to Sita. Marriage anniversary of Ram and Sita is observed every year here through a festival that is also observed throughout Nepal. The place is very popular among the Hindus all over the world.This region is heavily influenced from the Mithila region of Bihar, a state in the eastern part of India. The place offers an excellent opportunity for visitors to learn about Mithila culture and its people. The city is famous for Mithila artifacts such as Mithila paintings and potteries. Most of these paintings have, the life history of Lord Buddha as their subject. A good Mithila painting is a must buy.

Lumbini

Lumbini lies in the foothills of the Himalayas in Nepal. The site is a large garden with a grove of pipal trees. The area around Lumbini is entirely Hindu, but many Buddhist temples and shrines from various nations are scattered around the holy site itself.
The most important temple at Lumbini is the Maya Devi Temple, which enshrines the traditional site of the Buddha's birth. The current temple stands on the site of earlier temples and stupas, including the stupa built by Ashoka.
The modern temple consists mainly of simple white building that protects ancient ruins, with the exact spot of the Buddha's birth identified. The delicate sandstone sculptures discovered here are now in the National Musuem in Kathmandu.
Atop the temple is a small square tower of the type seen in Kathmandu, with Buddha eyes on each side and a golden pinnacle on top.
On the south side of the temple is a sacred pool (see top photo), where it is said Maya Devi bathed before giving birth, and where the newborn Buddha was washed by two dragons.
The Maha Devi temple is surrounded by the brick foundations of ancient temples and monasteries. All around Lumbini, long lines of colorful prayer flags are strung between trees. They carry prayers and mantras heavenward as they flap on the breeze.
The other main sight of interest at Lumbini is Ashoka's Pillar, near the temple. It is protected by a small fence, which is decorated with prayer flags and banners from the faithful. Around the courtyard containing the pillar are bowls for incense sticks, and there is room to sit in front of the pillar for contemplation.

Rara Lake

Rara lake is located at the Mugu district.Rara Lake lies at 2980 m., the greatest lake in Nepal and Rara National Park enhances the attraction of trekkers. The Rara National Park is known as the home of Himalayan black bear, Red panda, Ghorals. This trek is nature's paradise for botanists, naturalizes and birds watchers. The trek begins with flight to Jumla and exploring the Himalayan vegetation, different kinds of birds and wild animals.White Water rafting is a popular water adventure sport in Nepal, All major rivers created from the Himalayas and running down the mountains offers tremendous exciting experience of white Water rafting. A river journey is one of the most enjoyable and effective ways to experience the life of rural areas & spectacular scenery of nature's beauty. Manakamana River Adventure is a professional rafting company for the arrangement of thrilling white water rafting trips in Nepal with safety. Our top preference is to provide quality service with safety to every client. Our rafting guides inform all the aspects of rafting and river safety before starting of each journey. Safety Kayakers are always along on high water expeditions.Where as we can found ay types of climate.

Muktinath

Muktinath is the most famous religious place in hindu and buddhist. this area is a sacred place for both Hindus and Tibetan Buddhists at 3750 meters at the Annapurna Circuit in the Himalayas of Nepal. It is a great example of how two religions can share the same holy spot with mutual respect and support.There are 108 tap they are most important for Hindu people they believe if they bath in the tap they will be free from there false.another thing we can got the Shalagrama. This is the symbol of god.
It is difficult to understand the exact status of Muktinath-Chumig Gyatsa within Hinduism. There is no debate about the Gandaki River. However some Hindu schools have doubts regarding the status of Muktinath-Chumig Gyatsa as a Hindu pilgrimage site and have the opinion that the Celestial Abode of Vishnu connected to the Gandaki River is the source Shalagrama of the Gandaki or a cave near to it. One of the reasons for their opinion is that contradictory to other Hindu pilgrimages sites connected to a holy river, one has to walk away from the holy Gandaki River for several hours to reach the site. Another reason is that 'Muktinath' as such is not mentioned in Hindu scriptures like the Mahabharata and the Puranas. The name 'Muktikshetra' does appear in the Varahapurana but as the area near the Gandaki River and not as a spot in the mountains.Muktinath Lama pointed out the bottom line though, when he was asked what his opinion is in the very matter "Look at the many, many Hindu pilgrims visiting Muktinath; no doubt this is a pilgrimage place for Hindus."

Bhedetar City

Nepal is the queen of natural beauty where as hte many place for tourism. we can enjoy there. The Bhedetar also a place which is the most beautiful place. Bhedetar is a transit to Dhankuta from Sunsari district. It's 16 kms northeast from Dharan. It's at the top of a hill almost 1450 meters high from sea level. People from far and wide visit the place for picnicking in winter and to enjoy cool fresh air in hot summer season. Charles' Point, a peak the British Prince Charles climbed in 1994, and now Bhedetar Viewpoint has been constructed, is a point one should reach.
Bhedetar is a most chosen picnic spot in the eastern part. From here a road goes for Kamphek, Dandabajar and Ravi. Good lodges and hotels are available. The place enjoys electricity, water supply and telephone.
There are Nepal Television Sub-station, the Relay Tower of Nepal Telecom and the Tower of Kantipur FM radio Station. Walk some distance to the west and you will reach the famous Second Pathibhara Devi's temple. Bhedetar is a viewpoint of the beautiful scenery of the plains of Kosi river down at the Terai, and charming Himalayan ranges like Kumbhakarna and Makalu.
One can easily catch regular buses for Bhedetar; or hire taxis at Bhanuchowk, Dharan.

Bandipur

Bandipur is the most popular in tourism sector. There are green forest and we called the Bindipur is the "queen of hill". There is the most beauty full place.The 865 sq km area that comprises the Bandipur Reserve was once the Mysore Maharaja's private hunting ground. After the Mysore Game and Forest Preservation Regulation Act of 1931, 90 sq km was designated as a game sanctuary. In 1941, it became part of the 'Venugopal Wildlife Park', a larger national park, with an area of 800 sq km that also encompassed some areas of Mudumalai, Nagarahole and Wynaad. The park was notified under the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972. In 1973, the heart of Venugopal National Park that constituted Bandipur was recognised as Bandipur National Park and it became one of the 15 sanctuaries brought under the umbrella of Project Tiger.It was brought under Project Tiger in 1973. It has quietly survived the ill effects of the Kabini River Valley Project and outbreaks of rinderpest that almost completely destroyed the local gaur population. A low profile and careful management has sustained this rich land that continues to flourish with diverse vegetation, thriving animal life and a prolific insect and bird population.

Bhaktapur Darbar Square

Bhaktapur Darbar Square:-

Nepal is rich for the natural beauty where as we can found the many place in Nepal. Bhaktapur Darbar square is the main place which is included the list of tourism board Nepal. Which located 14 km east from Kathmandu. The total area of the Bhaktapur is 4 square mile latitude 27-67 degree north and longitude 85-43 degree east. Bhaktapur Darbar squar is an assortment of pagoda and shikhara style temple grouped around a fifty five windows place of brick and wood. The square is part of charming valley as it highlights the idols of ancient king perched on top of stone monoliths the guardian deities looking out from their sanctuaries the wood caving in in cherry place . struts lintels, tympanums gateway and windows all seem to from well orchestra symptoms. There is also a lion Gate. Them evasive gate that dates back to 1696 A.D is guarded by two hug structures of lions at he either sides. The deadfall stone image of lord Shiva and the turists from far off. Bhaktapur Darbar Square is made by king Bhupendra Malla in the act of worship and located one a column facing the place. The considered the most magnificent statue among the many status in the square. There is also a Nyatapola which was bult in 1702 A.D by Bhupendra Malla. This temple was dedicated to siddhilsxmi, the tantric mother goddess of supreme power. Nyatapola is Newari meaning a five tried symbolized for basia elements Water, Earth, air, Wind, and Sky. The Bhaktapur Darbar Square is the most tourism place in Nepal. The most of the foreign and national people visit there. Where is the are gallery. We can say the Bhaktapur Darbar Square is the gallery of art.

Nagarkot

Nepal is the most interesting and beauty of nature where are many place for traveling and to visitable place nagarkot also a place. which is listed on the truism board Nepal and other country, A rare opportunity .They are destination ... that also of prime locations on this earth. Nestled in the peak of the Nagarkot hill Hotel Country Villa will pamper you with the captivating mountains, wilderness and the unspoiled landscapes and sceneries. All rooms are well furnished and spacious with pinewood paneling, shoe-racks, attached baths with 24 hours Hot/Cold running water. Country Villa proudly boasts of having the modern facilities, communication service private verandahs, garden lounge, restaurant and bar serving delicious cuisine complemented with local and imported drinks, that is bound to soar your feeling to great heights at all times.Only 18 kilometers from the ancient city, Bhaktapur. It takes approximately an hour by the vehicle.

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ghandruk

Village lies between Lumle and Dangsing Village Development Comittee. It is located in Northern far of Kaski district where are mainly gurungs lived. then Brahmin, Chhetri, Magar, Damai, Kami and Saarki are also living this Village. This is a short trek but probably most popular route. There are no other routes which have this much natural diversity. it is located at Annapurna Circuit trek. Annapurna Circuit Trek is a classic trek around the world's tenth highest mountain, cross the classic Throng La Pass (5,416m/17,769ft) from Manang to Muktinath, take in fabulous mountain views from the summit of Poon Hill at 3,210m. /10,531ft. & cultural variety. This trek starts from Nayapul an hour car/bus drive from Pokhara. In the beginning of trek village life, culture, water falls & green hills’ view can be enjoyed. In clear conditions, there are fine views of Annapurna peaks and the famous fishtail peak Machhapuchhare along the way. We commence our short Annapurna trek and for the first hour we follow track road along the banks of the Modi Khola River to the villages of Birethanti and Shyauli Bazar. From Syauli Bazar, we then ascend above the valley floor on a stone staircase. To the north, there are again super views of the Annapurna Mountains. A short but steep section leads to Kimche (1630m) where we can take lunch before following a wide and well-defined path of stone flags that lines through fields of rice, wheat and millet to the largest village in the region, The next stage of the trek is one of the longest, heading north up the Modi valley to Ghandruk with spectacular views of the Annapurna range. This is the highest and northern most point of the journey.

pokhara

Pokhara is place for natural beauty at an altitude of 827 m above mean sea level & 200 km west of Kathmandu. This city is ever known as a real beautiful place in Earth. The Valley is filled with swift flowing river and dotted with clear gleaming lakes. It is blessed with the back drop is the most dramatic sceneries in world. A 140km of panoramic Himalayan ranges seem close enough to be touched. But also can be felt. The magnificence of the Himalayas rising behind the lake create an ambience of peace & magic, popular for water rafting, Kayaking and trekking expeditions following the unification of Nepal in 1769. It took a shape of small town. Newar migrants from Kathmandu Valley established business and introduced new architecture design of the city.
.Paradise Pokhara situated in the central Nepal, is nestled in a region of awesome natural beauty. The valley is filled with lush... vegetation, swift flowing rivers and dotted with clear, shimmering lakes. It is one of the major towns of Nepal, providing a perfect getaway from the chaotic life in the cities. Pokhara is blessed with the backdrop of one of the most dramatic sceneries in the world. A 140Km of panorama made up of towering Himalayan ranges seem close enough to be touched on a clear day. If Kathmandu is the cultural hub of Nepal, then Pokhara is the centre of adventure.